On April 24, 2025, as part of a broader national effort to secure reliable supplies for critical minerals, the Trump Administration issued Executive Order (E.O.) 14285, “Unleashing America’s Offshore Critical Minerals and Resources,” making it a policy of the United States to advance U.S. leadership in seabed mineral…
EO 14285 Act of 2025
Referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committees on Armed Services, Foreign Affairs, and Financial Services, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
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The first and second Trump Administrations and the Biden Administration issued executive orders announcing U.S. policies to build and strengthen the resiliency of domestic critical mineral supply chains. For example, on April 24, 2025, as part of a broader national effort to secure reliable supplies for critical miner…
For over 40 years, Congress has deliberated, to varying degrees, the potential pros and cons of the 1982 United Nations (UN) Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) as it pertains to U.S. ocean policy and interests. UNCLOS established a comprehensive international legal framework to govern activities related to the…
According to a 2008 National Research Council report, a critical mineral is a nonfuel mineral that is essential for use and faces considerable supply chain vulnerabilities. Demand for these components in the agriculture, defense, electronics, energy, manufacturing, refining and transportation sectors is projected to g…
Multiple Congresses and Administrations have considered and developed policies to make U.S. critical mineral supply chains more resilient. In 2020, Congress amended its minerals policies, defined the term critical mineral, and directed the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to develop and update a critical minerals list (C…
Read the report ↗Ocean and coastal mapping involves activities that collect data and information about the underwater terrain (i.e., seafloor or lakebed). These data and information may be used to support marine-based economies, safe navigation, and national security. As of January 2025, the most recent examination, the National Ocean…
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