H.J. Res. 152 (119th)Bill Overview

Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to ensure that only citizens are eligible to vote in Federal elections.

Government Operations and Politics|Government Operations and Politics
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Mar 19, 2026
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

This joint resolution proposes a Constitutional amendment to make U.S. citizenship a requirement to vote in any federal election, including primaries and elections for President, Vice President, electors, Senators, and Representatives.

It directs state legislatures to prescribe appropriate enforcing legislation, allows Congress to make or alter such regulations, and grants Congress enforcement power over the District of Columbia.

Passage8/100

Constitutional amendments are rare; this proposal is ideologically charged and would need unusually wide, bipartisan and interstate support.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clear and concise constitutional amendment that establishes a new substantive rule (citizen-only voting in federal elections) and delegates enforcement authority to states and Congress. It succeeds at articulating the change and assigning responsibility but provides limited operational detail.

Contention72/100

Progressive warns of voter suppression; conservatives stress election integrity.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Federal agenciesStates · Federal agencies
Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesAffirms that only U.S. citizens may vote in federal elections, supporters say this preserves electoral integrity.
  • Federal agenciesCreates a uniform citizenship eligibility rule for federal contests, reducing inter-state variation.
  • Federal agenciesAuthorizes Congress to set or alter federal enrollment standards and enforcement mechanisms where necessary.
Likely burdened
  • StatesRequires states to verify citizenship, increasing administrative costs and staffing for election offices.
  • Targeted stakeholdersRisks wrongful disenfranchisement of eligible citizens through database errors or improper verification.
  • Federal agenciesLikely to prompt lawsuits over implementation, raising state and federal legal expenses.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Progressive warns of voter suppression; conservatives stress election integrity.
Progressive15%

Likely opposes the amendment as unnecessary and potentially exclusionary.

Concern centers on disproportionate impact on immigrant communities and risks of voter suppression through stricter documentation rules.

Likely resistant
Centrist55%

Views the amendment with mixed feelings: favors citizen-only federal voting clarity but worries about constitutional amendment for administrative details.

Seeks clearer language on verification, due process, and federal-state balance.

Split reaction
Conservative90%

Likely strongly supports the amendment as a measure to ensure only citizens influence federal elections.

Sees it as restoring election integrity and preventing noncitizen voting in national contests.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood8/100

Constitutional amendments are rare; this proposal is ideologically charged and would need unusually wide, bipartisan and interstate support.

Scope and complexity
86%
Scopesweeping
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Actual level of bipartisan congressional support
  • State legislatures' willingness to ratify an amendment
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Progressive warns of voter suppression; conservatives stress election integrity.

Constitutional amendments are rare; this proposal is ideologically charged and would need unusually wide, bipartisan and interstate support.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clear and concise constitutional amendment that establishes a new substantive rule (citizen-only voting in federal elections) and delegates enforcement authority…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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