H.R. 6178 (119th)Bill Overview

Increasing Access to Lung Cancer Screening Act

Health|Health
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Democratic
Introduced
Nov 20, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for c…

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

This bill requires coverage of annual lung cancer screening (per USPSTF recommendations) without prior authorization and, for Medicaid, without cost sharing.

It expands Medicaid coverage of counseling and pharmacotherapy for tobacco cessation to all Medicaid enrollees (including coverage of certain nonprescription drugs) and bars prior authorization for those services in Medicaid managed care contracts.

The bill extends the prohibition on prior authorization for annual lung cancer screening to Medicare Part B, Medicare Advantage plans, and group and individual private insurance plans.

Passage45/100

As a targeted preventive‑care expansion with modest direct appropriations and patient‑focused features, the bill has a plausible path forward on substantive merits. However, it creates binding federal coverage and utilization rules across Medicaid, Medicare, and private plans that could draw opposition from insurers, state budget officials, and fiscal conservatives. Without broad bipartisan buy‑in or packaging into a larger health or appropriations bill, overcoming procedural hurdles—especially in the Senate—will be challenging.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clearly structured substantive policy change that uses direct amendments to existing statutes to mandate coverage of annual lung cancer screening and expanded tobacco cessation services, eliminate prior authorization across major payer types, fund outreach, and require a GAO study. It is precise in statutory placement and effective-dating, and leverages USPSTF/Secretary guidance for clinical eligibility.

Contention65/100

Removal of prior authorization: liberals see it as removing barriers; conservatives see it as limiting cost-control and quality management.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Targeted stakeholdersFederal agencies
Likely helped
  • Targeted stakeholdersIncreased access to recommended lung cancer screening for low‑income and Medicaid populations, which supporters argue w…
  • Targeted stakeholdersElimination of cost‑sharing and prior authorization for screening and cessation services is likely to lower administrat…
  • Targeted stakeholdersExpanding Medicaid coverage of counseling and pharmacotherapy for tobacco cessation to all enrollees could reduce smoki…
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesHigher near‑term federal and state Medicaid expenditures due to increased utilization of low‑dose CT screening and cess…
  • Targeted stakeholdersPotential for increased downstream procedures, follow‑up imaging, biopsies, and treatment resulting from false positive…
  • Targeted stakeholdersLimits on insurers’ use of utilization management (prior authorization) for lung cancer screening could constrain manag…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Removal of prior authorization: liberals see it as removing barriers; conservatives see it as limiting cost-control and quality management.
Progressive90%

This persona is likely to view the bill favorably as a public-health measure that reduces financial and administrative barriers to an evidence-based cancer screen and expands access to tobacco cessation services for low-income people.

They will see no-cost screening in Medicaid and the elimination of prior authorization as equity and access improvements that can reduce mortality among high-risk populations.

The added outreach funding and a GAO study are seen as helpful steps to identify gaps and direct further action.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

A centrist would generally favor prevention that reduces downstream costs and improves health outcomes but will look for evidence that removing prior authorization and expanding coverage is cost-effective and administrable.

They will appreciate the bill’s targeted outreach, sunsets for funding, and the GAO report, but want clarity on fiscal impact and safeguards against overuse.

They will also be attentive to state flexibility and implementation timelines.

Leans supportive
Conservative25%

This persona is likely to be skeptical of federal mandates that limit prior authorization and impose new coverage requirements across Medicaid, Medicare, and private plans.

They would worry about increased federal and state spending, reduced insurer tools to manage costs and quality, and potential federal encroachment on state flexibility and plan design.

They may support targeted prevention but prefer preserving prior authorization or state plan discretion.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

As a targeted preventive‑care expansion with modest direct appropriations and patient‑focused features, the bill has a plausible path forward on substantive merits. However, it creates binding federal coverage and utilization rules across Medicaid, Medicare, and private plans that could draw opposition from insurers, state budget officials, and fiscal conservatives. Without broad bipartisan buy‑in or packaging into a larger health or appropriations bill, overcoming procedural hurdles—especially in the Senate—will be challenging.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • No CBO or formal cost estimate provided in the bill text; the magnitude of increased utilization and fiscal impact on Medicaid and Medicare (and implications for state budgets) is therefore unknown.
  • The bill relies in places on USPSTF or Secretary guidelines; changes to those guidelines or differences between USPSTF guidance and HHS rules could affect scope of coverage and implementation.
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Removal of prior authorization: liberals see it as removing barriers; conservatives see it as limiting cost-control and quality management.

As a targeted preventive‑care expansion with modest direct appropriations and patient‑focused features, the bill has a plausible path forwa…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clearly structured substantive policy change that uses direct amendments to existing statutes to mandate coverage of annual lung cancer screening and expanded to…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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