S. 1072 (119th)Bill Overview

Stop CARB Act of 2025

Environmental Protection|Environmental Protection
Sponsor
Cosponsors
Support
Republican
Introduced
Mar 14, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment and Public Works.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

This bill amends the Clean Air Act to eliminate the Section 209 waiver that lets California set motor vehicle emissions standards and to repeal Section 177 that allows other States to adopt California standards.

It voids existing and pending waivers, prohibits States from adopting standards for certain nonroad engines and vehicles, and makes conforming statutory repeals and amendments tied to those program authorities.

Passage25/100

Highly controversial federal preemption of state environmental authority with little compromise and strong litigation risk lowers chances substantially.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clearly targeted substantive statutory rewrite executed through precise amendments to the Clean Air Act. It provides concrete, citation-level changes that would immediately alter federal-state regulatory authority on vehicle and nonroad emissions.

Contention78/100

Environmental outcomes: liberals see rollbacks; conservatives downplay reductions

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Federal agencies · ManufacturersLocal governments
Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesCreates nationwide uniform vehicle emissions standards under federal authority, reducing state-by-state regulatory vari…
  • ManufacturersReduces compliance and certification costs for manufacturers by avoiding multiple different state standards.
  • StatesSimplifies fuel production and distribution logistics by eliminating state-specific gasoline and fuel regulatory differ…
Likely burdened
  • Local governmentsEliminates California's waiver authority, reducing states' flexibility to adopt stricter local emissions measures.
  • Targeted stakeholdersMay slow adoption of stricter vehicle and zero-emission mandates, potentially increasing greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Local governmentsCould worsen local air quality and associated public health outcomes where stronger standards would have applied.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Environmental outcomes: liberals see rollbacks; conservatives downplay reductions
Progressive5%

Likely strongly opposed.

Views the bill as a federal rollback of state authority to set stricter vehicle and nonroad emissions rules, undermining climate, air quality, and public health protections.

Likely resistant
Centrist40%

Mixed view.

Appreciates regulatory uniformity and reduced interstate complexity but worries about environmental backsliding and the consequences of retroactive waiver voiding.

Split reaction
Conservative85%

Likely supportive.

Sees the bill as preventing California from imposing stricter standards on other states and reducing regulatory burdens on manufacturers and interstate commerce.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

Highly controversial federal preemption of state environmental authority with little compromise and strong litigation risk lowers chances substantially.

Scope and complexity
86%
Scopesweeping
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • Actual preferences of major auto manufacturers and industry trade groups
  • Potential for rapid, high-profile litigation if enacted
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Environmental outcomes: liberals see rollbacks; conservatives downplay reductions

Highly controversial federal preemption of state environmental authority with little compromise and strong litigation risk lowers chances s…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a clearly targeted substantive statutory rewrite executed through precise amendments to the Clean Air Act. It provides concrete, citation-level changes that would…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis