S. 1360 (119th)Bill Overview

Protecting American Capital Act of 2025

Finance and Financial Sector|Finance and Financial Sector
Cosponsors
Support
Lean Democratic
Introduced
Apr 8, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

Requires the Treasury to produce an annual report to Congress on portfolio investments by United States persons in the People’s Republic of China, including investments routed through third jurisdictions.

Reports must identify types of U.S. investors (including State pension funds), investors accounting for more than 2% of annual totals, and Chinese entities receiving investments, with sector breakdowns (including housing), sanctioned entities receiving funds, and recipients receiving over $100,000,000.

The first report must cover January 1, 2008 through the report date; subsequent reports cover the prior year.

Passage55/100

Low-cost, information-only requirement with bipartisan framing increases prospects, but data access, confidentiality, and executive-branch implementation issues create uncertainty.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly establishes an annual reporting requirement with specified content elements, thresholds, definitions, responsible official, and timeline. It is functionally adequate as a narrowly scoped reporting mandate but lacks operational, fiscal, and methodological detail needed for reliable execution.

Contention28/100

Whether the report should trigger divestment or remain informational

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Federal agencies · Housing marketTargeted stakeholders
Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesIncreases federal transparency about U.S. portfolio capital flows into the People's Republic of China.
  • Housing marketHelps identify concentration risks to U.S. investors and financial stability, including housing sector exposures.
  • Targeted stakeholdersProvides data to better target sanctions or regulatory responses toward specific Chinese entities.
Likely burdened
  • Targeted stakeholdersRequires Treasury to collect complex, dispersed data, increasing administrative costs and staffing needs.
  • Targeted stakeholdersMay require disclosure of proprietary investment details, raising confidentiality and commercial-sensitivity concerns.
  • Targeted stakeholdersCould chill private investor interest in China due to heightened scrutiny and reputational effects.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Whether the report should trigger divestment or remain informational
Progressive85%

Likely supportive of increased transparency about U.S. capital flowing to China as a tool to expose risks and ethical concerns.

Sees the report as useful for protecting public pension beneficiaries and for aligning investments with human rights and climate goals, while wanting safeguards against misuse.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Generally supportive of transparency and oversight but cautious about operational feasibility and unintended consequences.

Wants clear methodology, limited cost, and protections for sensitive commercial information to avoid harming markets or diplomacy.

Leans supportive
Conservative85%

Likely supportive as a national-security and economic-sovereignty measure to reveal and ultimately reduce capital flows to China.

May view this as a first step toward stronger restrictions, while wanting the report to be actionable.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood55/100

Low-cost, information-only requirement with bipartisan framing increases prospects, but data access, confidentiality, and executive-branch implementation issues create uncertainty.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • No cost estimate or appropriation for Treasury work
  • Treasury’s legal ability to obtain required granular data
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Whether the report should trigger divestment or remain informational

Low-cost, information-only requirement with bipartisan framing increases prospects, but data access, confidentiality, and executive-branch…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly establishes an annual reporting requirement with specified content elements, thresholds, definitions, responsible official, and timeline. It is functionally a…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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