S. 1366 (119th)Bill Overview

Boundary Waters Wilderness Protection Act

Public Lands and Natural Resources|Public Lands and Natural Resources
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Apr 9, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

The bill withdraws approximately 225,504 acres of Federal land and waters in the Rainy River Watershed of the Superior National Forest (Boundary Waters area) from public land disposal, mining laws, and mineral leasing, subject to valid existing rights.

The Forest Service Chief may permit removal of sand, gravel, granite, iron ore, and taconite only if that removal is not detrimental to water quality, air quality, and forest habitat.

The bill requires the map and boundary figure to be kept on file and publicly available in Forest Service and BLM offices.

Passage35/100

Narrow, administratively simple conservation measure with low fiscal cost but high local controversy over mining makes enactment possible but uncertain.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused substantive land-use statute that clearly defines the withdrawal area and legal effects and identifies the responsible agency for a narrow exception. It integrates explicitly with existing statutory categories and references authoritative mapping and assessment documents.

Contention62/100

Liberals emphasize long-term conservation and water protection.

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Targeted stakeholdersLocal governments
Likely helped
  • Targeted stakeholdersHelps protect water quality and aquatic ecosystems in the Rainy River Watershed.
  • Targeted stakeholdersPreserves wilderness character and recreational opportunities, supporting tourism and outdoor recreation.
  • Targeted stakeholdersReduces risk of new hard-rock mining and associated contamination near sensitive waters.
Likely burdened
  • Targeted stakeholdersProhibits new mining and leasing, potentially eliminating future extraction industry jobs and investments.
  • Local governmentsForegoes potential federal, state, and local revenues from mineral leasing or future mining operations.
  • Targeted stakeholdersLimits land-use flexibility and potential economic development within the withdrawn area.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals emphasize long-term conservation and water protection.
Progressive80%

Generally supportive because the bill protects the Boundary Waters and connected federal lands and waters from broad mineral leasing and mining claims.

Concerned about the permitted-extraction carve-out and the phrase “not detrimental,” which may be used to allow large-scale mining under weak standards.

Leans supportive
Centrist65%

Supportive of protecting the watershed and clarifying boundaries, but cautious about economic and legal tradeoffs.

Will want clearer criteria for the extraction exception, predictable permitting, and attention to local economic impacts.

Split reaction
Conservative20%

Likely opposed because the bill withdraws a large area from resource development and increases federal control over land use.

Views the withdrawal as harmful to jobs, local economic opportunity, and property-rights expectations.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood35/100

Narrow, administratively simple conservation measure with low fiscal cost but high local controversy over mining makes enactment possible but uncertain.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Intensity of local and industry opposition
  • Availability of neutral economic impact and job estimates
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals emphasize long-term conservation and water protection.

Narrow, administratively simple conservation measure with low fiscal cost but high local controversy over mining makes enactment possible b…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is a focused substantive land-use statute that clearly defines the withdrawal area and legal effects and identifies the responsible agency for a narrow exception. It…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
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