S. 1519 (119th)Bill Overview

Arctic Refuge Protection Act of 2025

Public Lands and Natural Resources|Public Lands and Natural Resources
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Apr 29, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment and Public Works.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

This bill designates approximately 1,559,538 acres of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge coastal plain in Alaska as wilderness under the Wilderness Act.

The area is identified by a 2015 map (Map ID 03–0172) on file with the Secretary.

The designation is added as an amendment to the National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act and applies notwithstanding other provisions of that Act.

Passage25/100

Legally straightforward but politically sensitive; strong opposition from development interests and procedural hurdles lower prospects.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill presents a compact and legally anchored substantive change—designation of a specific tract as wilderness—by amending the appropriate statute and citing a concrete map. It relies on existing statutory frameworks for management.

Contention72/100

Conservation permanence versus access for energy development and jobs

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Targeted stakeholdersFederal agencies · Local governments
Likely helped
  • Targeted stakeholdersPermanently protects habitat for wildlife, including migratory birds and large mammals.
  • Targeted stakeholdersProhibits future oil and gas leasing and related industrial development on designated lands.
  • Targeted stakeholdersAvoids potential future greenhouse gas emissions from development in the designated area.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesEliminates potential federal and state revenue from future oil and gas leases in the area.
  • Targeted stakeholdersReduces potential jobs and economic activity tied to exploration, production, and supporting services.
  • Local governmentsRestricts state and local land-use influence by imposing federal wilderness protections.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Conservation permanence versus access for energy development and jobs
Progressive95%

Likely very supportive: views the wilderness designation as a permanent protection for critical habitat, climate mitigation, and biodiversity.

Sees this as preventing oil and gas development and safeguarding subsistence resources for Indigenous communities.

Leans supportive
Centrist60%

Cautiously favorable but pragmatic: recognizes conservation benefits and legal finality, but worries about economic, state-federal, and local impacts.

Wants clarity on economic tradeoffs, compensation, and tribal consultation.

Split reaction
Conservative15%

Likely strongly opposed: views the wilderness designation as federal overreach that blocks resource development, jobs, and state prerogatives.

Sees it as a permanent ban on energy development in ANWR.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood25/100

Legally straightforward but politically sensitive; strong opposition from development interests and procedural hurdles lower prospects.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Absent Congressional cost estimate or CBO score
  • Level of committee and floor support unknown
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Conservation permanence versus access for energy development and jobs

Legally straightforward but politically sensitive; strong opposition from development interests and procedural hurdles lower prospects.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill presents a compact and legally anchored substantive change—designation of a specific tract as wilderness—by amending the appropriate statute and citing a concrete map…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis