S.J. Res. 22 (119th)Bill Overview

A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to Israel of certain defense articles and services.

Joint ResolutionInternational Affairs|International Affairs
Cosponsors
Support
Independent
Introduced
Feb 20, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Joint ResolutionWhat this resolution actually does

This resolution would use a joint resolution to block a specific proposed foreign military sale to Israel that Congress was formally notified about under the law governing arms transfers. If both the House and Senate pass this joint resolution and the President signs it, the identified sale would be prohibited and could not proceed. If the President vetoes it, Congress could still block the sale by overriding the veto with the required two-thirds votes in both chambers. The text points to the specific notification (Transmittal No. 24-104) describing the missiles and related support being offered.

Passage rules

As a joint resolution, it must be approved by both the House and Senate and then presented to the President for signature to take effect; a presidential veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in each chamber.

This joint resolution would block a proposed foreign military sale to Israel of 3,000 AGM-114 Hellfire air-to-ground missiles and associated support and services (Transmittal No. 24–104), submitted under section 36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act.

Passage15/100

Narrow but highly contentious; strong procedural and political obstacles, especially in the Senate.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill precisely identifies and disapproves a single proposed foreign military sale, but provides minimal implementation, fiscal, or oversight detail.

Contention75/100

Humanitarian restraint versus preserving Israel’s military capabilities

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Likely helpedLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitAsserts congressional oversight and use of AECA disapproval authority over a specific arms sale.
  • Potential benefitPrevents transfer of 3,000 Hellfire missiles that supporters may link to civilian harm concerns.
  • Potential benefitMay reduce immediate availability of precision air-to-ground munitions, potentially lowering short-term escalation risk.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenCould degrade recipient strike capability and affect regional deterrence calculations.
  • Potential burdenMay strain U.S.-Israel security cooperation, interoperability, and established procurement planning.
  • Potential burdenCould reduce U.S. defense contractor revenues and associated manufacturing and support jobs tied to the sale.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Humanitarian restraint versus preserving Israel’s military capabilities
Progressive90%

Likely supportive, viewing the ban as a needed check on lethal arms transfers tied to civilian harm and escalation.

Would emphasize human rights and congressional oversight while acknowledging uncertainty about short-term security impacts.

Leans supportive
Centrist50%

Mixed view: supportive of congressional review but cautious about weakening an ally’s defense.

Would weigh oversight benefits against possible national security and diplomatic costs, preferring narrowly tailored solutions.

Split reaction
Conservative5%

Likely opposed, viewing the prohibition as harmful to a key ally’s defense and as an inappropriate congressional intrusion into foreign military sales.

Would emphasize deterrence, alliance trust, and operational readiness.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood15/100

Narrow but highly contentious; strong procedural and political obstacles, especially in the Senate.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Presence and strength of organized legislative supporters and opponents
  • Committee action outcome and reported recommendations
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Humanitarian restraint versus preserving Israel’s military capabilities

Narrow but highly contentious; strong procedural and political obstacles, especially in the Senate.

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill precisely identifies and disapproves a single proposed foreign military sale, but provides minimal implementation, fiscal, or oversight detail.

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis