H.R. 10004 (119th)Bill Overview

Defending Our Energy and Water Act

domestic policy
Cosponsors
Support
Democratic
Introduced
Jul 30, 2026
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, and in addition to the Committee on Armed Services, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in eac…

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief
Plain-English summaryWhat this bill actually does

This bill amends Title 10, U.S. Code to add water‑protection requirements for federal data centers. Within 180 days the Office of Electronic Government must revise minimum requirements to include protections for water resources and the most water‑efficient cooling systems.

Why people may split

Liberals stress environmental and resilience benefits

Watch point

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly effects a substantive change by amending specific statutes to require incorporation of water-protection requirements for data centers and by extending an existing sunset; it assigns responsibility and a short statutory deadline for the required revisions.

This bill amends Title 10, U.S. Code to add water‑protection requirements for federal data centers.

Within 180 days the Office of Electronic Government must revise minimum requirements to include protections for water resources and the most water‑efficient cooling systems.

It extends an existing statutory sunset provision for the data center requirement program (apparently from 2026 to 2031).

Passage50/100

Content is narrow, noncontroversial, and administratively implementable, but as a standalone measure it may need to be folded into a larger vehicle to secure enactment.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly effects a substantive change by amending specific statutes to require incorporation of water-protection requirements for data centers and by extending an existing sunset; it assigns responsibility and a short statutory deadline for the required revisions. The bill is concrete about where statutory text changes should be made but leaves key implementation details undefined.

Contention55/100

Liberals stress environmental and resilience benefits

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Likely benefits vs burdens50% / 50%
Local governmentsLikely burdened

These are examples from the analysis, not a ranked list of the most-affected groups.

Likely helped
  • Potential benefitReduces onsite water consumption at new military data centers through more efficient cooling technologies.
  • Local governmentsIncreases operational resilience against droughts and local water shortages for critical infrastructure.
  • Potential benefitMay lower long‑term operating costs via reduced water procurement and disposal expenses.
Likely burdened
  • Potential burdenMay increase upfront construction and equipment costs for new data center projects.
  • Potential burdenCould introduce procurement and compliance burdens that delay project schedules.
  • Potential burdenAmbiguous terms like "most water‑efficient" may create implementation uncertainty and litigation risk.
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Liberals stress environmental and resilience benefits
Progressive90%

Likely broadly supportive: the bill binds federal data centers to protect water resources and integrate water‑efficient cooling, aligning operations with environmental resilience goals.

Seen as a modest, practical climate and conservation measure for government infrastructure.

Leans supportive
Centrist70%

Likely cautiously supportive as a targeted, incremental reform that addresses a specific environmental vulnerability.

Wants clearer cost estimates, technical guidance, and flexibility for tradeoffs between water and energy efficiency.

Leans supportive
Conservative25%

Likely skeptical or opposed: views the bill as additional federal specifications that constrain DoD and agency flexibility, impose costs, and expand program authority via sunset extension.

Concerned about readiness and unnecessary regulation.

Likely resistant
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood50/100

Content is narrow, noncontroversial, and administratively implementable, but as a standalone measure it may need to be folded into a larger vehicle to secure enactment.

Scope and complexity
24%
Scopenarrow
24%
Complexitylow
Why this could stall
  • Whether requirement applies government-wide or only to DoD data centers
  • No cost estimate or economic impact analysis provided
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

No vote history yet

The bill has not accumulated any surfaced votes yet.

06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Liberals stress environmental and resilience benefits

Content is narrow, noncontroversial, and administratively implementable, but as a standalone measure it may need to be folded into a larger…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill clearly effects a substantive change by amending specific statutes to require incorporation of water-protection requirements for data centers and by extending an exis…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis