H.R. 2853 (119th)Bill Overview

Combating Organized Retail Crime Act

Crime and Law Enforcement|Crime and Law Enforcement
Cosponsors
Support
Bipartisan
Introduced
Apr 10, 2025
Discussions
Bill Text
Current stageCommittee

Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

Introduced
Committee
Floor
President
Law
Congressional Activities
01 · The brief

This bill amends federal criminal statutes to broaden and clarify offenses related to interstate theft, transportation, and sale of stolen goods, including lowering or aggregating value thresholds for federal prosecution.

It requires including certain payment instruments in money-laundering language.

The bill creates an Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination Center within DHS/ICE to coordinate federal, state, local, tribal, and private-sector efforts, with reporting, training evaluations, and a seven-year sunset.

Passage45/100

Moderate chance: practical, non‑ideological objectives and compromise features favor enactment, but funding, federalization, and jurisdictional concerns create obstacles.

CredibilityPartially aligned

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is primarily a substantive policy change that also establishes an interagency coordination and reporting entity; it is precise in statutory amendments and clear on implementation timelines, but it lacks explicit resourcing and some safeguards.

Contention65/100

Placement in DHS/ICE: civil-liberties risk vs law-enforcement focus

02 · What it does

Who stands to gain, and who may push back.

Who this appears to help vs burden50% / 50%
Federal agencies · WorkersFederal agencies
Likely helped
  • Federal agenciesCreates a centralized federal hub to coordinate multijurisdictional investigations and intelligence sharing.
  • Targeted stakeholdersExpands prosecutorial tools, including aggregated theft treatment and broader forfeiture references against criminal pr…
  • WorkersFacilitates structured information sharing and collaboration with retailers and carriers to prevent theft and diversion.
Likely burdened
  • Federal agenciesExpands federal criminal jurisdiction, potentially overlapping State authority and prosecutions.
  • Targeted stakeholdersAllows broader information sharing that may raise privacy and confidentiality concerns under existing law.
  • Targeted stakeholdersRelies on DHS/ICE leadership, which may raise concerns about conflating immigration enforcement with retail crime effor…
03 · Why people split

Why the argument around this bill splits.

Placement in DHS/ICE: civil-liberties risk vs law-enforcement focus
Progressive55%

Cautiously mixed.

Supportive of worker and consumer safety goals and curbing large-scale cargo theft, but wary of locating the new center inside DHS/ICE and of expanded information sharing with private industry.

Concerned about civil liberties, migrant exploitation claims in findings, and potential over-criminalization.

Split reaction
Centrist70%

Generally favorable but pragmatic.

Sees value in stronger federal coordination and resource support for state and local agencies.

Wants clearer metrics, budget estimates, and safeguards on information sharing and civil liberties.

Leans supportive
Conservative85%

Broadly supportive.

Prioritizes stronger law-enforcement tools against organized theft and cargo diversion, favors federal coordination to stop criminal resale networks.

May object to perceived inefficiencies, but welcomes tougher federal reach against interstate criminal enterprises.

Leans supportive
04 · Can it pass?

The path through Congress.

Introduced

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Committee

Reached or meaningfully advanced

Floor

Still ahead

President

Still ahead

Law

Still ahead

Passage likelihood45/100

Moderate chance: practical, non‑ideological objectives and compromise features favor enactment, but funding, federalization, and jurisdictional concerns create obstacles.

Scope and complexity
52%
Scopemoderate
52%
Complexitymedium
Why this could stall
  • No explicit appropriations or cost estimate included
  • Potential state‑federal jurisdiction objections in Judiciary review
05 · Recent votes

Recent votes on the bill.

HOUSE · May 12, 2026
Fast-track passage✓ PassedBipartisanNear-unanimous
2/3 majority required

The House fast-tracked this bill — skipping normal debate — and it passed with a two-thirds majority. It now moves to the Senate.

What is a fast-track passage?

Suspending the rules allows the House to bypass normal debate procedures and pass a bill immediately with a two-thirds vote.

Yes 85% No 15%
Showing a quick cross-section of legislators, with followed members first when available.
06 · Go deeper

Go deeper than the headline read.

Included on this page

Placement in DHS/ICE: civil-liberties risk vs law-enforcement focus

Moderate chance: practical, non‑ideological objectives and compromise features favor enactment, but funding, federalization, and jurisdicti…

Unlocked analysis

Relative to its intended legislative type, this bill is primarily a substantive policy change that also establishes an interagency coordination and reporting entity; it is precise in statutory amendments and clear on im…

Go beyond the headline summary with full stakeholder mapping, legislative design analysis, passage barriers, and lens-by-lens tradeoff breakdowns.

Perspective breakdownsPassage barriersLegislative design reviewStakeholder impact map
Open full analysis